Taken together, they represent a significant public health problem in the United States. According to the latest CDC estimates, more than 65 million people in the country currently live with an incurable STI. Of these, 20 million Americans carry HPV. About one-fourth of these infections occur in adolescents. Even though some of the STIs, such as syphilis, are declining, others, like gonorrhea, chlamydia, and genital herpes persist in the population.
According to a speech given Dr. Gonorrhea is a curable bacterial disease that if left untreated can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility in women. Those infected with gonorrhea also face greater risk of transmitting or becoming infected with the AIDS virus. Gonococcal infections rose 9 percent from to , especially among young people, gay and bisexual men, and African Americans.
While , new cases are reported each year, Wasserheit believes that the actual numbers are twice as high. The Southern states are the most heavily affected. Poverty and inadequate access to quality health care and preventive services are primary reasons for the increase.
Being infected with gonorrhea can cause pelvic inflammatory disease PID and infertility if untreated in women. If left untreated, 20 percent to 40 percent of women with genital chlamydial infections develop PID, which can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
Recent studies have also linked chlamydia with increased risk of developing cervical cancer. More than one in five Americans is infected with genital herpes. The prevalence of herpes simplex virus type two the virus that causes genital herpes has remained relatively stable at 19 percent among youth, according to the CDC. Cates et al. HPV is the name of a group of more than types of viruses. Thirty of these viruses are sexually transmissible and constitute genital HPV.
There is debate about whether some strains of HPV are transient infections that may be cleared from the body, or whether these strains of HPV permanently reside there but may be difficult to detect at times.
Other types of HPV can cause visible, and sometimes troublesome, genital warts. Research also shows that a small number of more persistent HPV strains may lead to cervical cancer. During cervical screening, a small sample of cells is taken from the cervix and tested for HPV.
Screening is offered to all women and people with a cervix aged 25 to It helps protect them against cervical cancer. Some sexual health clinics may offer anal screening to men with a higher risk of developing anal cancer, such as men who have sex with men. Find out more about cervical screening and how it helps protect against cervical cancer. There's no treatment for HPV. Most HPV infections do not cause any problems and are cleared by your body within 2 years.
Treatment is needed if HPV causes problems like genital warts or changes to cells in the cervix. Read more about treating genital warts and treating abnormal cell changes in the cervix. Page last reviewed: 19 March Next review due: 19 March Human papillomavirus HPV is a group of more than viruses that are usually spread through sexual contact. HPV infection is extremely common; it is estimated that there are more than 14 million new infections in the US each year and more than 80 percent of sexually active men and women will be infected in their lifetime.
Most new infections occur in teens and young adults. HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer and can also cause cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, mouth, and throat.
The virus also causes genital warts. The most common type of cancer currently caused by HPV is oropharyngeal throat cancer, more common in men.
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