Measures taken by automakers include reducing the compression ratio, delaying ignition timing, increasing idle speed, preheating intake, and pumping air into the exhaust manifold for more complete combustion. Most of these early measures resulted in increased fuel consumption and NOx emissions. Eugene Houdry, a Frenchman interested in reducing the pollution released into the air by automobile exhaust pipes, started his line of inventions with a catalytic process that effectively doubled the amount of useable oil that could be produced from crude oil.
The catalytic muffler was his final great creation, patented in , the year he died. Using some of the technology of his prior inventions, Houdry outdid himself with the catalytic converter for automobile mufflers that effectively reduced carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions released into the atmosphere by vehicles. Prior to , the fuel vapor pollution control regulations were implemented, resulting in the use of sealed carburetor float Chambers and fuel tanks, and the use of activated carbon tanks.
The implementation of the Nitrogen oxide Restriction Regulations of popularized the use of exhaust gas recirculation valves. By , hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emission standards were further tightened, and most cars had to use catalytic oxidation converters to meet the standards.
In , emission limits for nitrogen oxides were reduced by two-thirds, resulting in the introduction of reduction catalysts and ternary catalytic converters with air injection in cars. Because these catalysts require strict control of the air-fuel ratio in order to ensure their normal operation, oxygen sensors and closed-circuit mixture control devices are used.
With the implementation of more stringent regulations, the optimizers and their mechanical controls had to be abandoned in favor of more sophisticated fuel injection systems and electronic engine controls. An emission control system combining simple hardware with advanced computer is one direction of development. The new clean Air law will require major changes to future power systems, including engine exhaust systems and transmissions.
This means two things to the garage: first, the application of new automotive technologies will require new diagnostic methods to be compatible with repair techniques; second, the repair business of exhaust purification systems will continue to grow, creating more jobs opportunities for workers with higher skills. Explanation of the Subject Invented Muffler. According to Figure 1 : If the muffler is located after the catalytic converter right under the engine in a front-engine vehicle, the exhaust pipe from the engine to the muffler will be shortened, thence pre-muffler exhaust-pressure losses will be minimized.
If air entry into the muffler is at the vehicle speed but in reverse direction, the muffler will yield an optimum efficiency. Therefore, a Plexiglas air channel must be provided from the front to the rear under the vehicle to ensure a uniform entry of air into the muffler and discharge the gases exiting therefrom. According to Figure 2: According to Figure 1 : If the muffler is located after the catalytic converter right under the engine in a front-engine vehicle, the exhaust pipe from the engine to the muffler will be shortened, thence pre-muffler exhaust-pressure losses will be minimized.
If air entry into the muffler is at the vehicle speed but in reverse direction, it will sweep underside of the vehicle. Depending on the vehicle structure, a short Plexiglas channel before the inlet will cause air entry into the muffler to become more uniform. According to Figures 3. It has a head support piece 1. Another support piece 1. Support pieces 1.
It ensures an air suction at high flow rate by rotating clockwise constantly and at high speed and it provides for the pressure losses, due to its double-stage feature, caused during the suction of the mixture of exhaust gases and air, and the discharge thereof into the exhaust system and provides the necessary positive pressure therefor as well.
It starts when the engine is started and stops when the engine is stopped. These fans 2. This shaft is centered by a self-lubricating, high-speed and high-temperature resistant bearings 2. The air pump takes drive from the electric-motor pulley 1. The guide vanes 3. These guide vanes are also used to break the circumferential rotation of the air flow created by the first axial fan 2. In order to break the circumferential rotation of the air flow created by the double-stage fan 2 and convey the air straightly along the exhaust pipe, 8 additional guide vanes 3.
The flow resistance caused by all of these guide vanes put perpendicularly to the flow is negligibly little. Inert-gas electric welding is used to fix guide vanes on the exhaust pipe 3. According to 3. Elements comprising the active noise control system include two microphones and a sound generator. The first microphone measures the main sound intensity and frequency and the noise control unit receiving such data generates a sound of the same intensity but of opposite frequency to ensure that the noise is damped as a result of the interference occurring therebetween.
As a result of the measurement made with a second microphone put downstream of air and exhaust gases after the sound generator, a feedback is made to the control unit to ensure a fine adjustment on the sound generator.
Due to its shape, the subject invented muffler makes it possible to use such an active noise control system without causing a significant pressure drop in the air and exhaust gas line. An instrument pipe 4. There are two sets of guide vanes 4. By keeping the width of these vanes relatively wide, breaking of the circumferential rotation of the air and exhaust flow sucked from the venturi and their further conveyence straightforwardly to the axial fan is ensured. The flow resistance caused by these vanes put perpendicularly to the flow is negligibly small.
Inert-gas electric welding is used to fix these vanes on the venturi 5. Since the pressure developing in the throat 5. The quantity of air coming from the air intake nozzle 5. As a result of the cooling and dilution of exhaust gases with this rate of air, the temperature remains below 50 degrees around the air pump to ensure that the downstream active noise control system and air pump unit elements are not exposed to any physical and chemical impact.
The venturi 5 , assembled in advance, is inserted into the muffler and vacuum chamber 6 from its larger side and welded onto the muffler and vacuum chamber body 6 at both ends by external inert-gas electric welding. The holes perforated on the throat piece 5. In the meantime, exhaust gases in the vacuum chamber 6. Meanwhile, due to the circumferential and mutually cross interference of the sound frequencies inside the perforated venturi throat 5.
The sound intensity of exhaust gases is reduced to a great extent owing to the highly dense stainless steel wool 6. Sound waves reflecting from conical surfaces at various frequencies cause frequency interference among them, as well as lose their intensity after entering in the stainless steel wool 6. The stainless steel wool 6. The perforated thick stainless steel sheet 6. The mechanical muffler and vacuum chamber body 6.
A conical expansion piece 7. According to 4. The operating principles of this motor are identical to that of the model explained above. It switches on and off with the start and stop of the engine, respectively. However, because it lacks a pulley and belt system and gets drive directly from the electric motor, it has a simpler form.
The cables carrying current to this motor are protected by means of an instrument pipe 1. The protection class of this electric motor is IP 54, which secures a smooth operation thereof under exhaust and air conditions.
There are 8 guide vanes 3. These guide vanes are used at the same time to break the circumferential rotation of the air flow created by the first stage axial fan 2. The flow resistance caused by these guide vanes put perpendicularly to the flow is negligibly small. Inert-gas electric welding is used to fix these guide vanes on the exhaust pipe 3.
According to Figures 5. The high-flow rate compressed air app. The compressed air passing through the guide vanes 8. All manufacturing processes for the fixed vanes 8. There are 8 guide vanes 8. A self-lubricating bearing, resistant to high temperature environment 9.
The vanes located in the exhaust pipe and there-around are used to break the circumferential rotation of the air current created by the first axial fan 9. The fans located at both ends of the air pump set are fixed on the rotating fan body 9.
All manufacturing processes carried out on the turbo-pump body 9. This chamber opens through a partly perforated exhaust pipe inside it An extension of this pipe In order to break the circumferential rotation of the air current created in the exhaust pipe in this section by the double stage fan 9 and convey the air straightly along through the exhaust pipe, 8 additional guide vanes positioned circumferentially at 45 degrees with respect to each other The exhaust pipe extension lying up to the end of the vehicle is welded onto or slip-fitted on the end of this part.
A muffler creating vacuum in an internal combustion engine exhaust; featuring a high-voltage direct-current electric motor 1. V-belt 1. As an alternative to the Claim 1. As an alternative to the Claims 1 and 2. A muffler creating vacuum in an internal combustion engine exhaust according to the Claims 1 or 2 or 3; featuring an active noise control system housed 4 in a perforated sheet steel body put in an air suction nozzle 5.
A muffler creating vacuum in an internal combustion engine exhaust according to the Claims 1 or 2 or 3. A muffler that creates vacuum in the exhaust of the internal combustion engine. JPA en. TRA2 en. Turbo mufflers on the other hand, use 3 or fewer tubes, so exhaust flow changes direction less. This means engine exhaust leaves the muffler faster, for an increase in horsepower and a better exhaust tone. What makes an engine loud?
One of the most common causes of a loud vehicle is an exhaust leak. The exhaust system carries very hot hazardous fumes out of the engine, away from the passenger cabin and releases them as less harmful emissions at the rear of the vehicle. What is muffler technology? Muffler, also called silencer, device through which the exhaust gases from an internal-combustion engine are passed to attenuate reduce the airborne noise of the engine.
Will no muffler hurt my engine? If so, then most likely your cars performance will be worse than it is with a muffler because the back-pressure the muffler creates helps give you more low-end power. You are not going to damage the engine or internals or anything without having the muffler. Does a muffler delete affect gas mileage? Yes No Muffler will kill your gas mileage.
You would think, free flow so more hp and better mileage. You lose tremendous Back Pressure which will make your car sluggish unless you have a turbo and if you had that, you would probably have an exhaust already. Does removing muffler hurt your car? Just cutting off your muffler will most likely result in a louder exhaust note with maybe a few horsepower gain, but nothing you'll notice.
You'll just hear more of your engine, which can be bad. Not all engines sound great without the muffler. Do mufflers increase gas mileage? Improvements in efficiency can be used to either increase horsepower or improve fuel economy. Whether this efficiency is used to go faster or to get better fuel economy is up to you and your foot!
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